TO BE: IS, AM , ARE

1. The function of to be (is, am , are) in simple present tense is as helping verb.
 
   a. Subject + is/am/are + singular noun and plural noun.

  • I am an employee.
  • He is a doctor.
  • She is a secretary.
  • John and Jack are boys.
     b. Subject + is/am/are + adjective
  • I am busy.
  • She is pretty.
  • It is expensive.
  • you are diligent.
  • We are clever.
  • The books are expensive.
     c. Subject + is/am/are + prepositional phrase.
  • I am from West Sumatera.
  • He is in the hospital.
  • It is in the drawer.
  • They are in the waiting room.
  • The books are on the tables.

2. To be (is, am, are) + not. It can be write in contraction form, namely is not (isn't) and are not (aren't).

   a. Subject + is/am/are + not + singular noun/plural noun.
  • He is not/ isn't a doctor.
  • We are not/ aren't students.
  • They are not/aren't foreigners.
    b. Subject + is/am/are + not + adjective.
  • He is not/ isn't pretty.
  • We are not/ aren't clever.
  • You are not/ aren't handsome.
    c. Subject + is/am/are + not + prepositional phrase.
  • It is not/ isn't in the drawer.
  • We are not/ aren't in the office.
  • The books are not/ aren't on the table.


3. To be (is, am, are) are used in interrogative sentence.

    a. Is/am/are + subject + adjective.
  • Is she a doctor? Yes, she is.
  • Are you a teacher? Yes, I am.
  • Are you and Bob pilots? Yes, we are.
    b. Is/am/are + subject + adjective.
  • Am I busy? Yes, you are.
  • Is she pretty? Yes, she is.
  • Are they intelligent? Yes, the are/ no, they aren't.


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